We believe that we should build on our traditional bonds with Australia, New Zealand and Canada, as well as on our new ties with Europe. [149][152][153] However, Scargill refused to hold a ballot on the strike,[154] having previously lost three ballots on a national strike (in January and October 1982, and March 1983). [9], Margaret Roberts attended Huntingtower Road Primary School and won a scholarship to Kesteven and Grantham Girls' School, a grammar school. 's' : ''}}. first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. Thus, the speech espouses a strong sense of nationalism, of British pride. The local party selected her as its candidate because, though not a dynamic public speaker, Roberts was well-prepared and fearless in her answers; prospective candidate Bill Deedes recalled: "Once she opened her mouth, the rest of us began to look rather second-rate. ", "A Review of Privatisation and Regulation Experience in Britain", "How the Big Bang changed the City of London for ever", "3 October 1981: IRA Maze hunger strikes at an end", "Was Gerry Adams complicit over hunger strikers? [138] Public disquiet culminated in a 70,000 to 200,000-strong[140] demonstration in London in March 1990; the demonstration around Trafalgar Square deteriorated into riots, leaving 113 people injured and 340 under arrest. [20] The department evaluated proposals for more local education authorities to close grammar schools and to adopt comprehensive secondary education. But I hasten to emphasise again that the literature is not unanimous. ", "Speech opening Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research", "Margaret Thatcher: How PM legitimised green concerns", "Will Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan be the unlikely saviours of the world from climate change? [22], During her time at Oxford, Roberts was noted for her isolated and serious attitude. Over the past ten years, the Russians have quadrupled their force of nuclear submarines. [176], The privatisation of public assets was combined with financial deregulation in an attempt to fuel economic growth. [107][108][109], Thatcher was Opposition leader and Prime Minister at a time of increased racial tension in Britain. Following Reagan–Gorbachev summit meetings and reforms enacted by Gorbachev in the USSR, she declared in November 1988 that "We're not in a Cold War now", but rather in a "new relationship much wider than the Cold War ever was". [156][157], Thatcher refused to meet the union's demands and compared the miners' dispute to the Falklands War, declaring in a speech in 1984: "We had to fight the enemy without in the Falklands. That year, Thatcher gave a public speech from the Kensington Town Hall in Chelsea that warned British officials that Soviet aggression was in reality only rising, and urged the government to increase its security and national defenses. [61] Prior to the 1970 general election, she was promoted to Shadow Transport spokeswoman and later to Education. [173] Not all privatised companies have had successful share price trajectories in the longer term. Specific Purpose of a Speech, The Roman Senate: Definition, Structure & Facts, The British Parliament: House of Lords & House of Commons, Pericles, the Delian League, and the Athenian Golden Age, Queen Elizabeth I and England's Golden Age, The Significance of Vaclav Havel's Peace Prize Acceptance Speech, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher: Influence and Impact on Great Britain, Biological and Biomedical [295], At the 2001 general election, Thatcher supported the Conservative campaign, as she had done in 1992 and 1997, and in the Conservative leadership election following its defeat, she endorsed Iain Duncan Smith over Kenneth Clarke. [198] Although he was considered a "wet", he avoided domestic affairs and got along well with Thatcher. [253] In March 1990, West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl reassured Thatcher that he would keep her "informed of all his intentions about unification",[254] and that he was prepared to disclose "matters which even his cabinet would not know". We should seek close co-ordination between the police and security services of the Community, and of Nato, in the battle against terrorism. [177], In 1980 and 1981, Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) and Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) prisoners in Northern Ireland's Maze Prison carried out hunger strikes in an effort to regain the status of political prisoners that had been removed in 1976 by the preceding Labour government. [21] While prime minister she attempted to preserve Somerville as a women's college. [372] Writing for The Scotsman, Thatcher had argued against devolution on the basis that it would eventually lead to Scottish independence. The institute's pamphlets proposed less government, lower taxes, and more freedom for business and consumers. Stone was previously commissioned to paint portraits of the Queen and Queen Mother. [112][113] In the 1979 general election, the Conservatives had attracted votes from the NF, whose support almost collapsed. The answer is that their relations were punctiliously correct, but there was little love lost on either side. [208][209], Thatcher was one of the first Western leaders to respond warmly to reformist Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. [42] Later that same year their twins Carol and Mark were born, delivered prematurely by Caesarean section. imaginable degree, area of After the collapse of the Portuguese Empire in Africa in 1975, South Africa, which had been Rhodesia's chief supporter, realised that country was a liability. Defence Secretary Michael Heseltine, who had supported the Agusta deal, resigned from the government in protest. She is the protagonist in two films, played by Lindsay Duncan in Margaret (2009) and by Meryl Streep in The Iron Lady (2011),[398] in which she is depicted as suffering from dementia or Alzheimer's disease. [272], Thatcher was replaced as head of government and party leader by Chancellor John Major, who prevailed over Heseltine in the subsequent ballot. This speech epitomized the political ideology, leadership style, and wit of the woman who would become Britain's Iron Lady. [249] Believing that the single market would result in political integration,[248] Thatcher's opposition to further European integration became more pronounced during her premiership and particularly after her third government in 1987. [nb 2] After retiring from the Commons in 1992, she was given a life peerage as Baroness Thatcher (of Kesteven in the County of Lincolnshire) which entitled her to sit in the House of Lords. 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