The effects of roads can be measured in both abiotic and biotic components of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. These effects may include local effects, such as on noise, water pollution, habitat destruction/disturbance and local air quality; and wider effects such as habitat fragmentation, ecosystem degradation, and climate change from vehicle emissions. This survey of the literature on the ecological effects of roads and traffic revealed many articles published over many years in peer reviewed journals. ", "Impact Of De-Icing Salt On Roadside Vegetation. In fact, road mortality is the leading source of mortality to many wildlife populations and an estimated 1 million vertebrates die on roads every day in the United States.2 This rate of mortality can severely threaten animals and has been identified as a leading cause of decline in some populations.While the consequences of road mortality can be severe, many factors influ… The increasing attention of scientists to the unintended ecological effects of roads has resulted in the emergence of the science of “Road Ecology,” marked with the publication of a multi-authored volume, Road Ecology: Science and Solutions, in 2003. When animals cross roads, mortality is often the result. The increasing attention of scientists to the unintended ecological effects of roads has resulted in the emergence of the science of “Road Ecology,” marked with the publication of a multi-authored volume, Road Ecology: Science and Solutions, in 2003. Copyright © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. The convoluted shape of the zone can extend laterally to cover areas many times greater than the dimension of the road and its verges, depending on the ecological process and sensitivity of the species in question ( Forman et al., 1997 ). The nature of road systems as network structures renders vast areas of the landscape as road-affected, with small patches of isolated habitat remaining beyond the ecological influence of roads. Clearly, the construction of transport lines results in the direct destruction and removal of existing ecosystems, and the reconfiguration of local landforms. ", "Effects of Road Deicing Salts on Groundwater Systems. Centro Brasileiro de Estudos em Ecologia de Estradas", "Center for Transportation and the Environment (CTE)", "Western Transportation Institute - Western Transportation Institute | Montana State University", "2017 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation", "How nitrogen oxides affect the way we live and breathe", "Redirect - Volatile Organic Compounds | Air Emission Sources | US EPA", "Traffic-related Air Pollution near Busy Roads", "Tirana Outer Ring Road: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study", "£371 million A3 improvements will go ahead", "Urban Stormwater Management in the United States. The Humane Society of the US and the Urban Wildlife Research Centre have arrived at a conservative figure of one million animals killed each day on highways in the United States. ecological effects of roads of all types, especially important as conservation biologists are asked to participate in the de-velopment and implementation of strategies to protect or restore elements of biological diversity and integrity. Research on the ecological effects of roads over long periods or at large spatial scales and research on the complex nature and impacts of roads within ecologically defined areas, such as watersheds, eco-regions, or species’ ranges, should be a priority. The nature of road systems as network structures renders vast areas of the landscape as road-affected, with small patches of isolated habitat remaining beyond the ecological influence of roads. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. From roadkill to road ecology: A review of the ecological effects of roads. A Literature Review", "When the birds go unheard: highway noise disrupts information transfer between bird species", "Roads and their major ecological effects", "Effects of roads on badger Meles meles populations in south-west England", "Roads are ruining the rainforests | Illegal Logging Portal", "Driven To Protect – A Journey Across India To Document Wild Roadkills", "Effectiveness of Wildlife Underpasses and Fencing to Reduce Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions", "Survey finds growth in recycled materials for asphalt", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Road_ecology&oldid=979715143, Articles with dead external links from October 2010, Articles with dead external links from May 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2009, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 22 September 2020, at 10:45. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. However, transportation systems, and more specifically, roads, have a wide variety of primary, or direct, ecological effects as well as secondary, or indirect, ecological effects on the landscapes that they penetrate. Transportation infrastructure affects the structure of ecosystems, the dynamics of ecosystem function, and has direct effects on ecosystem components, including their species composition. This “road effect zone” is determined as the zone adjacent to roads where one or more direct ecological effects of the road can be discerned. Road ecology is the study of the ecological effects (both positive and negative) of roads and highways (public roads). We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Infrastructure on wildlife and landscapes enhance our service and tailor content and ads the above statement notwithstanding, roadkill have... 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