3 Problems to Remember When Trying to Find Atlantis. James was martyred in 62 A.D. by the priestly authorities of Jerusalem. Viking King Buried With a Pillow and Fine Silk, New Study Confirms, Varna Man and the Wealthiest Grave of the 5th Millennium BC, The Discovery that Revealed Ancient Humans Navigated the Seas 130,000 Years Ago, 10 Fierce But Often Forgotten Enemies of Rome, How the Spartan Arsenal Helped Make Them Some of The Deadliest Warriors of the Ancient World. Who is Buried in the Famous Shrine of St James in Santiago de Compostela. Despite his military connections, the Cross of St. James is not attributed to this saint. Ecclesiastical approbation. Stone carving of the boat carrying the body of St James, Funete del Carmen, Padrón, Spain The origins of Santiago de Compostela. ( Lunstream / Adobe). Instead, it is generally accepted that the order was established around the middle of the 12 th century. At that time (1157-1230) the royal dynasty was divided into two rival branches, which rivalry tended to obscure the beginnings of the order. Additionally, a Council of Orders was formed to oversee the administration of the orders. At night, a stream of stars in the sky (the Milky Way) pointed in the same direction. Apostle Santiago, Monastery of Tentudía in Calera de León, Badajoz, Spain . He preached at more than one crusade against the Turks and following the death of St. John Capistran, James worked in Hungary as John's successor. As the Order of Santiago was part of the Spanish Crown it was suppressed in 1873 when Spain declared itself a republic for the first time. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13353a.htm. What did the Egyptians think of Cleopatra? The order received its first rule in 1171 from Cardinal Jacinto (later Celestine III), then legate in Spain of Alexander III. Like the Templars and Hospitallers, the order was established to protect pilgrims and to fight against the Muslims. The Battle of Clavijo, however, is considered by historians to be fictional and therefore the Order of Santiago is very unlikely to have been founded during the 9 th century. Founded in the twelfth century, owes its name to the national patron of Spain, St. James the Greater, under whose banner the Christians of Galicia began in the ninth century to combat and drive back the Mussulmans of Spain. After the battle, the knights were decapitated, and their heads displayed as trophies as a warning to the Christians. The Order of Santiago (known also as the Order of Saint James of the Sword) is one of the four Spanish military orders, the other three being the Orders of Calatrava, Alcántara, and Montesa. The order continues to exist till this day. The remaining members of the order formed an alliance with the regular canons of Saint Augustine (as the knights themselves followed the Rule of Saint Augustine) and were now responsible for protecting the Sepulchre of Saint James at Santiago de Compostela and the pilgrims who journeyed there. 2:1-12; Acts 12:17; Acts 15:13-29; Acts 21:18-24, St. James the Greater is the patron of the Order of Saint James of Compostela. 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